All of them make partly different predictions. At least three main mechanisms have been put forward to explain the maintenance of polymorphism: apostatic, disruptive and sexual selection. We studied polymorphism in all species of birds that are presently known to show intraspecific variation in plumage colour. Genetic differentiation in both mtDNA and microsatellites loci is almost absentĪnd it is not possible to distinguish geographical groups according to taxonomic designation at the subspecies Allelic patterns and genetic structuring of microsatellites were similar to Most of which were from Sicily, showed the new H1 haplotype, while the remaining 26% of the sample partitionedĪmong the other 10 haplotypes. The 52% of our samples, includingĪll Italian and Czech specimens, belonged to the previously identified HI haplotype, another 22% of the samples, Peregrine Falcon samples, nine of which were new and three already known. Regarding mtDNA we identified 12 haplotypes from our 65 Genetic variation in the region on a worldwide basis. We added to our cytochromeī sequences a dataset of previously published mtDNA sequences of other populations and subspecies to outline To assess genetic diversity in the poorly investigated Western Palearctic region. brookei) breeding in Northern and Southern Italy, Northern Spain and the Czech Republic We analysed variation in ten polymorphic microsatellite loci and a portion of cytochromeī gene of mitochondrial DNA in 65 samples from four populations of Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus By inference, this suggests that adjacent ecotypes may represent different subspecies. Most important, we introduce the hypothesis that non-pallid adult color variants are largely segregated by habitat type. Some juvenile peregrines are more deeply red-brown ventrally than any other juveniles worldwide. In the forests of the southern Andes Mountains, there are richly colored (i.e., with deep red-brown ventral background pigmentation) falcons that approach or equal the darkest peregrines anywhere. The pallid morph is paler than any other peregrine, and in extreme southern Patagonia, most dark or normal morph adults are as pale or paler than extremely pale arctic peregrines from northern Asia and North America. This variation nearly equals the full range in Peregrine Falcon color variation for all races worldwide. From fieldwork begun in 1979 and continuing intermittently until the present, we show the range in variation in pigmentation of Peregrine Falcons (Falco peregrinus) native to the Patagonian region of South America.
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